Essay On Body Image Issues In Sports - 1441 Words

Sports and Fitness #1 Kessel, Anna. Let s get physical: how women s sport can conquer body image. https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2016/jun/12/women-and-sport-body-image-anna-kessel. June 12, 2016 Women are celebrated when they work on their bodies: whether it’s getting right for the summer or the Instagram loved post-baby pictures. Since a lot of people think that exercise is equal to perfection. They put aside the fact that this equation is just another version of gender roles towards women. Women are expected to have small waist, toned arms, large butts, wobble- free thighs and perky breasts. But the current Idea of how sports and fitness should be for women need to be changed. All bodies are different; all bodies have their†¦show more content†¦Talking, writing, or putting these experiences into a language simplifies things, and applies some kind of organizational scheme or framework to it. Language #2 Jones, Catherine. More than Words. https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2009/mar/08/language-voice. March 7, 2009 The same way we mirror and/or detect another person’s body language when communicating with them, we do that with language as well. The mirroring happens within seconds of the start of the conversation and investigators have noticed how people can unknowingly alter their speech and voice style to more closely match/ mirror the people around them. One study that analyzed interviews on the Larry King Live television programmer found that when King was interviewing prominent guests, such as Bill Clinton, his language style changed to match Clinton s. The opposite was true when interviewing guests of a lower status or ranking. Science and Technology #1 University of Oxford. New method for the 3D printing of living tissues. https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/08/170815095009.htm August 15, 2017 A team from the Department of Chemistry, and the Department of Physiology, Anatomy, and Genetics at Oxford produced high-resolution constructs of human and animal cells using a 3D printing method. Creating stable tissue structures is a hard task, but the team was able to create a stable structure by placingShow MoreRelatedThe Controversy Of Female Sports806 Words   |  4 PagesIn todays sports, we recognize women as equals to men but it is much harder for women to become recognized due to fans being blinded by the stardom of only male oriented sports. This essay is about the issue of whether women should expose their bodies in revealing calendars. First it is shown that women receive less recognition then males in sports. Secondly in order for women to even participate in sports they need to raise much-needed money to sponsor their participation in competitions. ThereforeRead MoreIn Claudia Rankine’S Citizen: An American Lyric, Many Themes1170 Words   |  5 PagesClaudia R ankine seeks to bring to light the issues surrounding identity within the racial constructs of America. Within the quarter of the novel Citizen, a major theme is introduced. The theme of tennis is discussed in detail in an essay about Serena Williams. Serena Williams being the first extremely successful black and female tennis player is very significant not only to Rankine, but also to the whole world of the sport of tennis. This essay captures what it means to play the game of tennisRead MoreThe Between Men And Women1599 Words   |  7 Pages Haley: Oh, hey Timothy! I recently read your essay that touched on the discrepancy between how men and woman are depicted in sports media. It was very compelling! Timothy Curry: Thanks! Do you feel like you have noticed any of the gender inequalities I talked about? Haley: Definitely, especially as a woman, I notice how we are immensely underrepresented in both amateur and professional sports. I also feel that we are assumed to be inferior in almost all aspects of the athletic world due to theRead MoreInequality Young People with Disabilities Experience in Leisure Activities1724 Words   |  7 PagesWhen examining leisure, a range of disciplinary approaches can be applied, and in this case psychology and sociology will be explored. More specifically psychology and how body image and cyber bullying can impact leisure participation, along with sociology, which gives an insight into gendered leisure and social class. This essay will explore inequality and will be achieved by critically examining 5 young people with disabilities on a trip to The Melbourne Cup. By applying psychology and sociologyRead MoreEvaluate the competing ways in which sociologists have examined how gender exerts a significant influence over a person990 Words   |  4 Pagesi nvolvement with sport. Within sport, gender has played a huge role the way it affects one’s involvement in participation. As I will explore sociologically in this essay, there are a great number of reasons why this has occurred and still does occur, and the way in which pre-conceived ideas and stereotypes along with many other things affect sport involvement. One of the key points to evaluate here is the argument that males biologically have an advantage in the majority of sports. In the vastRead MoreOpening Question: Why do so many people encourage violence in sports? Core Question 1: What effect1400 Words   |  6 PagesOpening Question: Why do so many people encourage violence in sports? Core Question 1: What effect is McMurtry trying to achieve when he compares football to war in paragraph four and five on page 454? Core Question 2: On page 455, McMurtry states, â€Å"And progressively and inexorably, as I moved through high school, college, and pro leagues, my body was dismantled. Piece by piece.† Core Question 3: McMurtry states, â€Å"The doctor in the local hospital said three weeks’ rest, the coach said scrimmageRead MoreThe Quest for the Ideal813 Words   |  3 PagesQuest for the Ideal Essay The quest for the ideal can encourage us to develop and evolve for the better. But if perfection – something that is impossible to achieve is what one strives for, it can be quiet unthinkable. It is elusive and complicated on many degrees. Lady of Shalott by Alfred Tennyson, The woman I am in my dreams by Maxime Tynes and Chicken Hips by Catherine Pigott provide a realistic perspective of how beauty shapes the literal and the present world by utilizing rhetorical devicesRead MoreSociety s Affect On Body Image1096 Words   |  5 PagesThanh- Thao Duong Univ 111: Williams December 2, 2015 Unit 3 Essay Society’s affect on â€Å"Body Image† â€Å"Body image† can be defined as the way someone perceives their body and assumes that’s how others perceive them. The concept of body image can be seen as a great concern, from society’s affects through the media, social and peer pressure, to health issues and the actions taken due to body image shaming. Over time, the â€Å"ideal† body image has evolved into an idea that is simply unrealistic and unattainableRead MoreThe Hunting Ground : An Exploration Of The Issues, Discourses, And Institutional Responses Essay954 Words   |  4 PagesWithin the non-fictitious text of the documentary film The Hunting Ground, viewers witness an exploration of the issues, discourses, and institutional responses –or lack thereof- surrounding on-campus rape in American college and universities. Indeed, a large portion of the filmic text dedicates itself to exploring the overrepresentation of university athletes in perpetuating crimes of rape, sexual violence, an d sexual assault against female students. Furthermore, the film seeks to delineate theRead MoreThe Role Of Women In Sports1541 Words   |  7 Pagesforce or even in sports. Title IX, an act that was made by the United States Congress in 1972, said that no one should be denied to play, receive financial aid, or discriminate to any education program or activity that pertains to only one sex (Senne 1). This act was a step towards improving female participation and lessening discrimination, but the stereotypes that most of society believes in still exist. This is one of the main reasons why women are discriminated when it comes to sports; by limited

Sylvia Plath’s Life - 1219 Words

Elizabeth Winder’s Pain, Parties, Work: Sylvia Plath in New York, Summer 1953 illuminates different aspects of Sylvia Plath’s life. However, Winder depicts Plath not as the mythologized martyr of a collapsed marriage or the tragic woman poet with a debilitating illness but rather as a young girl wanting to immerse herself in the rich, material culture of her time. Winder’s biography gives insight to the life of an intelligent young woman amidst the gender constraints of mid-century America, a theme that is further explicated in Plath’s novel, The Bell Jar. Though often compared to the likeness of the protagonist of her semi-autobiographical novel, Plath showed many initial differences. As documented in the biography, Plath travels to New†¦show more content†¦This is exemplified when Mrs. Willard explains to Buddy, â€Å"What a man is is an arrow into the future, and what a woman is is the place the arrow shoots off from.† Likewise, Mrs. No rton, mother of Richard, advises, â€Å"Girls look for infinite security. Boys look for a mate. Both look for different things.† This is troubling for both Plath and Esther, who have nurtured ambitions of their own with no plans of supporting a husband. Likewise, both have seen their mothers become submissive to their husbands. As a result of these experiences, they are disappointed in that woman are forced to be pure for their husbands while men are given more freedom. These sentiments lead to strong sense of dissatisfaction and culminate in a rejection of the lives in which they are currently situated in; they both seemed to reject the false self by throwing away the clothes that masked the woman they idealized. In the biography, Plath does not directly reveal her inadequacy; she reveals this through Esther. When confronted with the question of future plans, Esther responds that she does not know. Esther feels surprised at hearing herself say this; this realization might s uggest Plath’s internal thoughts at the time, which culminated in a nervous breakdown. She had won a series of prizes and merits but her experiences at Mademoiselle only revealed that these accomplishments alone would not guarantee the life she hoped for; she was constantly pressured to acquireShow MoreRelatedA Courage’s Attempt to Take Her Life back in Sylvia Plath’s â€Å"Daddy† 1991 Words   |  8 PagesSylvia Plath a highly acclaimed twentieth century American poet whose writings were mostly influenced by her life experiences. Her father died shortly after her eighth birthday and her first documented attempt at suicide was in her early twenties. She was married at age twenty-three and when she discovered her husband was having an affair she left him with their two children. Her depression and the abandonment she felt as a child and as a woman is what inspires most of her works. Daddy is a majorRead MoreHow Sylvia Plaths Life is Reflected in the Poem s Daddy, Morning Song, and Lady Lazarus2237 Words   |  9 PagesHow Sylvia Plaths Life is Reflected in the Poems Daddy, Morning Song, and Lady Lazarus Sylvia Plath has had an exciting life, if I can use this word. Her father died from an undiagnosed diabetes when she was eight. At the same time, a short couplet that she wrote was published in the Boston Sunday Herald. Later, she won scholarships to study in Smith, Harvard, and finally Cambridge. There, Plath married Ted Hughes, who was a good poet, too. What amazes me in her life isRead MoreEssay about Sylvia Plath1185 Words   |  5 PagesSylvia Plath This line is from Sylvia Plaths poem Lady Lazarus, one of many that helped make her an icon of modern American poetry. They have an eerie, prophetic quality, seeming to foreshadow the tragic death of this young writer. Understanding Sylvia Plaths words require a closer look at both her life and a few of her works. Though critics have described her writing as governed by negative vitalism, her distinct individuality has made her a conversation piece among those familiarRead MoreSylvia Plath Comparison Essay1339 Words   |  6 PagesComparison: Sylvia Plath’s â€Å"Tulips† and Mary Oliver’s â€Å"Poppies† Throughout time females have found it hard to achieve acceptance and accreditation in the world of poetry. However, two American female poets, who were born in the 1930’s, did make a name for themselves. During this era of rapidly changing gender roles, social values and world politics, these women were able to produce a rich variety of poetry. These poets are known for their driven personalities and their captivating poems about alienationRead MoreBiography of Sylvia Plath942 Words   |  4 Pagestwentieth century, Sylvia Plath was highly esteemed by fans and fellow writers alike. Sylvia Plath’s parents, Aurelia Schober and Otto Plath, had met when Aurelia became Otto’s student at Boston University. Otto was a biology professor with an infatuation with bees; he had even published a book titled Bumblebees and their ways. Otto and Aurelia married in January of 1932, and by October of the same year Aurelia gave birth in Jamaica Plain, Massachusetts to a daughter, Sylvia. Sylvia spent her childhoodRead MoreA Reflection in Sylvia Plaths Mirror1013 Words   |  5 PagesA Reflection in Sylvia Plath’s Mirror Amanda L. Wilson Eng:125 Introduction to Literature Professor Lyndsey Lefebvre November 18, 2013 A Reflection in Sylvia Plath’s Mirror Sylvia Plath’s poem Mirror (1963) is evocative, provocative, and expressive. According to Clugston (2010) these are important components of poetry. Sylvia Plath’s first line is a projection of the mirror providing its introduction saying, â€Å"I am silver and exact†(Plath, 1963, line 1). The mirror is the protagonist whoRead MorePoetry Explication of Sylvia Plath’s â€Å"Mirror†949 Words   |  4 PagesPoetry Explication of Sylvia Plath’s â€Å"Mirror† The first thing one can notice in Sylvia Plath’s poem â€Å"Mirror† (rpt. In Thomas R. Arp and Greg Johnson, Perrine’s Literature: Structure, Sound, and Sense, 9th ed. [Boston: Wadsworth, 2006] 680) is that the speaker in the poem is the mirror and the woman in the poem is Sylvia Plath. As you read through the poem, the lake is relevant because of the famous mythological story of narcissus. He was extremely beautiful and one day while drinking from a lakeRead MoreThe Transition in Sylvia Plath’s Work1438 Words   |  6 PagesLife has been some combination of fairy-tale coincidence and joie de vivre and shocks of beauty together with some hurtful self-questioning. --The Bell Jar by Sylvia Plath It has been almost 50 years since the American literary community lost one of its greatest treasures, Sylvia Plath. Even in recent days, numerous scholars are still studying many admirable qualities in Plath’s collection of work. She has developed a unique writing style and performed thoroughly at an early age. Over the yearsRead MoreContributions Of Sylvia Plath1302 Words   |  6 Pagesto peoples’ mental health are just a few of examples of profound writers who contributed to the growth and development of literature. Sylvia Plath was also a profound writer and one of the most respected poets and prose writer of her time as well. She was once described as â€Å"one of the most celebrated and controversial of postwar poets writing in English† (â€Å"Sylvia Plath†). Many of her poems talked about her own mental issues, her marriage problems, conflicts with her parents that were left unresolvedRead MoreSylvia Plath836 Words   |  4 Pages Sylvia Plath is said to be one the most prodigious, yet interesting, confessional poets of her time. She was an extremely vital poet of the post-World War II time period and expressed her feelings towards her father and husband through her poetry. Plath’s mental illness had a dramatic influence upon her work in which she demonstrated the hatred she had for her father specifically. The poem â€Å"Daddy† is an easily applicable example. Within this piece of work, Plath uses direct references to how

Sample Guide Sketchup Free Essays

1- Close ALL Applications and go offline 2- Open GoogleSketchUpProMEN. DMG and Install (This is version 8. 0, in Trial mode, downloaded directly from the Sketchup website – May 2011) 3- Once Installed, but not Opened: A- Goto HD / Applications / Google Sketchup 8 / SketchUp B- Right-click Sketchup and select – Show Package Contents C- Goto Contents / MacOS / D- Replace the SketchUp file with Sketchup from the Cracks folder 4- Do the same procedure on both LayOut and Style_Builder – Right click, Show Package Contents, goto Contents/MacOS and replace the respective files with the Cracked versions. We will write a custom essay sample on Sample Guide Sketchup or any similar topic only for you Order Now – Making sure you are still offline, open Sketchup and keep a note of the exact Time you opened it! A- Goto SketchUp/File/Preferences/General and un-tick Automatically Check for updates. 6- Close Sketchup Sketchup will have now created hidden files for which it depends on to expire the Trial. For the following you will need to show hidden files in Finder. If you don’t know how to do that, best do your own research. 7- With hidden files shown in Finder: A- Goto HD / Library / Application Support / In Finder, order the files column by Date Modified, you should find a hidden file looking something like this . hkzftzgrc It may have a different variation of lettering but if it was Modified the same time you ran Sketchup then that’s the file you want to Lock. (Select the file, Press Command-I, and tick the Lock box) B- Goto HD / (your username) / Here again you should find another hidden file looking like . hkzftmgrc . Making sure it was created the same time you opened Sketchup, lock this one too. – Extra precautions – it’s been suggested to lock – HD / (your username) / Preferences / com. google. sketchuppro8. plist – but this will also lock ALL your preset options within Sketchup. I’m not sure this is necessary. Also a file to Lock may be created here – HD / (your username) / Caches / com. google. sketchuppro8 /Cache. db – but it was not generated on my installation And It wouldn’t hurt either to un-tick †˜Check For Updates’ in LayOut and Style_Builder That’s it, hope it works for you, Enjoy! How to cite Sample Guide Sketchup, Papers

Law Equity and Trusts for Income Tax Assessment - myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theLaw Equity and Trusts for Income Tax Assessment. Answer: Establishment of equitable interest For the purpose of advising Laquan regarding equitable interests and the remedies which may be taken into consideration on his part, it is needed to determine if the interest is that of an equity interest. In order to determine this, equity test is needed to be performed that has been set out in Subdivision 974-C of the Income Tax Assessment Act 1997. It is with the help of equity test with the help of which financial arrangement issued on the part of a company which rather than having returns which may be deductible, may have frankable distributions[1]. A scheme leads to an equity interest when the scheme satisfies in addressing the aspects of equity test. When it comes to existence it is also subject to satisfying debt test. Until an interest may satisfy the debt test when issuing it, on the part of the entities equity interest may be issued when they issue: An interest that focuses on providing with return which is subjected to the economic performance of the issuer [item 2] Membership interest like share [item 1] An interest wherein providing return is subjected to the issuers discretion [item 3] Or An interest which may or will convert into such a share or interest. [item 4] Thus considering the presence of item 1 and 2 in case of Aruche Web Masters i.e. the issue of membership interest and issue of an interest providing returns which was subjected to the economic performance entitles Laquan to equitable interest. Remedies Considering the above made discussion it may be stated that equity in regards to law has two meanings that includes natural or fairness of justice and other term which refers to set of rules formulated on the part of courts of equity which makes the procedures and rules of common laws flexible[2]. Thus, in case of Laquan, equitable interest occurs from the relationship between Laquan and Aarushi that is enforced by equity and not by common law. Equitable interest incorporates the beneficiarys interest in a fixed trust in which the trustee, within a fixed trust wherein trustee has a legal interest, the partners interest in a property, the partnership along with the interest which under a will intestacy is expected on the part of beneficiary for the purpose of receiving the deceaseds property. Referring to the case of Laquan it may be observed that the partners had borrowed the needed capitals for the establishment of the business in partnership which makes it essential to pay the borr owed amounts in partnership which may be seen to be performed in this case[3]. However, it is noticeable in this case that, Laquan and Aarushi shared a relationship of mutual trust and confidence that was not backed by any formal partnership agreement. It is due to this fact, that the Laquan and Aarushi shared a relationship of mutual trust and confidence that was not backed by any formal partnership agreement which resulted in establishment of Aaruche Web Masters results in establishment of partnership onus on the part of the involved parties which is applicable on Aarushi and Laquan as well. It is this partnership onus, which results on the part of the involved parties owning fiduciary duty. Fiduciary duty implies the duty of loyalty wherein profit or compromise is present. In case of Laquan, it may be noticed that on falling out of the business, Aarushi had updated the business website wherein she took off the references of Laquan[4]. This is a clear reflection of the fact that t he actions taken on the part of the Aarushi were against the interest of her partner which lead to breach of fiduciary duty. In this case it may be stated that the conflict between the duty of Aarushi as a partner and individual interest lead to breach of the duty. In addition to that, other onus asserting duty can also be seen to be associated with Aarushi. To get in depth of the matter, in case of commercial relationships on the part of the involved part may usually have fiduciary duties which are dependent on individual situation[5]. Herein, on the part of Laquan it is needed to establish that there existed a relationship of mutual confidence and trust between Laquan and Aarushi and that they were not involved in a sophisticated business relationship, were not advised by lawyers and no formal agreement. Thus, on the basis of the above made discussion it may be observed that certain duties on the part of Aarushi have been breached in this case. In against this, breach, Laquan may seek remedy under equitable compensation which focuses on restoration and restitution due to breach of fiduciary duty that was material to losses associated with profits. Essentially, the act of Aarushi i.e. acting against the interest of her partner Laquan by updating the business website and taking off references to Laquan establishes infringement of equitable interest and ongoing infringement as the business was a joint venture of Aarushi and Laquan. In this context Laquan may seek remedy for the infringement of equitable interest under equitable mandatory injunction which would result in compelling Aarushi to pay to Laquan[6]. In this context the aspects which are needed to be taken into consideration are infringement of equitable interest, due to the absence of any apparent contract between them specific performance probably was not available. For the purpose of available equitable remedies Laquan may seek remedy under resulting trusts. Resulting trust will be taken into consideration when in regards to joint ownership, disproportionate amount has been provided in context to purchase price to the partners registered interest or when purchase monies have been provided by an individual who is not vested in legal title. In this case it may be observed that Aaruche Web Masters was a case of joint ownership wherein it was the individual decision of Aaruchi to part her ways followed by which she updated the business website, taking all the references of Laquan. It was due to this joint ownership that resulted in making both the parties severally and jointly liable and make all the repayments[7]. This makes Aaruche equally liable to make all the repayments as Laquan. Other than that, in case of Aaruchi and Laquan it may be noticed that the establishment of Aaruche Web Masters occurred jointly at the garage of Aaruchis parents hom e. As they jointly took the occupancy at the garage, it is under equitable presumptions which make them hold the legal estate in common in shares in equal proportions as they had equal contributions in it. In this regard Calverley v Green [1984] 155 CLR 242 is mentionable, wherein, on the part of court it was held that in case in which two or more individuals contributes in the purchase process of a property, that is conveyed to the involved parties in their joint names, in such cases the equitable presumptions is that the involved parties who contributed to the ownership holds the legal estate for themselves in common as tenants in shares proportionate in regards to their individual contributions apart from cases wherein the contributions are equal in nature[8]. In regards to the case of Laquan, he may also seek remedy due to the presence of aspects associated with undue influence, unconscionable conduct and unjust enrichment. Aspect of unconscionable conduct may be seen from the fact that followed by failure of joint venture of Aaruchi and Laquan the payment needed to be made to Laquan was not recognized on the part of Aaruchi. In this regard the case of Muschinski v Dodds [1985] HCA 78; 160 CLR 583; 60 ALJIIR 52; 62 ALR 429; 11 Fam LR 930 is mentionable here. In this case it was held that a trust is needed to be imposed due to the fact that it is considered to be unconscionable followed by the failure of a joint venture for Dodds asserting his legal entitlements wherein the payments of Muschinski were not recognized[9]. This is also applicable in case of Aaruchi. Other than that, the fact that followed by failure of their business, Aaruchi has updated business websites and took off all his references also reflects unjust enrichment, and ch anging of the garages lock establishes undue influence. Thus, it makes it essential for the imposition of a trust. Bibliography Calverley V Green [1984] HCA 81; (1984) 155 CLR 242; 59 ALJR 111; 56 ALR 483 (6 December 1984) (2007) Trusts https://www.trusts.it/admincp/UploadedPDF/200903021746220.jAustralia_Calverley%20v%20Green19841206.pdf Debt And Equity Tests: Guide To The Debt And Equity Tests (2018) Ato https://www.ato.gov.au/Business/Debt-and-equity-tests/In-detail/Guides/Debt-and-equity-tests--guide-to-the-debt-and-equity-tests/?page=6 Equitable Claims Against Interests In Property (2008) tved https://www.tved.net.au/index.cfm?SimpleDisplay=PaperDisplay.cfmPaperDisplay=https://www.tved.net.au/PublicPapers/November_2008,_Lawyers_Education_Channel,_Equitable_Claims_Against_Interests_in_Property.html Kaiser, Lars, "Public Trust And Equity Returns" [2015] SSRN Electronic Journal LA302 - Muschinski V Dodds (2007) Vanuatu https://www.vanuatu.usp.ac.fj/courses/la302_equity_trusts_and_succession_1/LA302_Cases/Muschinski_v_Dodds.html Latimer, Paul, Australian Business Law 2006 (CCH Australia, 2007) Sarra, Janis Pearl, Creditor Rights And The Public Interest (University of Toronto Press, 2007) Vickery, Roger and MaryAnne Flood, Australian Business Law (Pearson Australia, 2012) Wilkie, Margaret, Rosalind Malcolm and Peter Luxton, Equity Trusts (OUP Oxford, 2012)

Ethics as an Integral Part of Business

Website Evaluation Report essays

Website Evaluation Report essays The objective of the Brisbane Media Map database is to provide valuable information and links to numerous media and media-related organisations that serve the Brisbane area, and includes useful links to other online media directories. Since the online Brisbane Media Map database is developed as a tool for potential users, it should stand to reason that it is developed with the needs and abilities of the user in mind. This is because sometimes the users needs can become lost in the complexity of the project, the ease of use is sacrificed to mere functionality and clarity of display is lost in the middle of programming features, such as flashing, frames, and clever graphics. I intend to evaluate whether or not the users needs, and particularly the needs of the user who maybe relatively new to the online world, appear to have been kept uppermost in the minds of those designing the layout and functionality of the course directory. Firstly, the Brisbane Media Map Database (BMM) is a well-structured, easily navigable website. When browsing it, it is obvious that throughout the BMM domain the database's look and formatting are consistent. Users are able to find requested pieces of information in the minimum number of clicks necessary and they can also take advantage of a detailed site map for easy orientation. The clarity of display works well for the database, but the picture title bar at the top of the screen is a problem as it is somewhat distracting resulting in it overshadowing the more important features. In addition, the menu on the left side of the screen serves the intended function of helping users understand where they are and what options are available but it could be improved by enlarging the font. I suggest that the menu either be replaced with a static menu at the top of the screen or that the changing menu is represented with a clearer graphic which would be more attractive to the users eye. ...

Gulf War History Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gulf War History - Research Paper Example The main cause of the schism between several countries was the Shiite Sunni split which often led to conflicts and warfare in some cases. Since coming to power, Saddam Hussein, the then president of Iraq, represented the rejectionist Arab states and was considered as one of the most quarrelsome leaders of the gulf countries. He was also considered an arch enemy of Israel. Its hatred against Israel can be summarized by the rhetoric he used very often against the nation, one time saying that he will let fire eat half of Israel if it did anything against Iraq (Bard, 2011). For years, Iraq had considered Kuwait to be a part of its territory and continued to influence the internal politics and working of the state through several means. Furthermore, Iraq was becoming economically weak so it sought to identify alternatives to help strengthen its economic situation. This paper shall analyze how Kuwait was an option in allowing Iraq to recover from its situation. Iraq was considered to be th e belligerent state in this dispute and UN authorized a full fledged coalition attack that aimed to topple Iraq’s incursion into Kuwait and restore the situation as it was before the conflict. Reasons for conflict:- The quarrelsome nature of the Iraqi president, Saddam Hussein made the state prone to violence and unneeded interventions to further individual causes. Furthermore, the war with Iran that ended in 1988 had an enormous economic impact on Iraq and left it on the verge of bankruptcy (HistoryGuy, 2011). Kuwait as natural part of Iraq:- Iraq considered Kuwait its de-facto part for a long period of time despite the latter’s independence on the country. This claim led to numerous confrontations throughout several years and hampered any diplomatic ties between the two countries for years to come. In 1961, Iraq’s president Qasim threatened Kuwait of invoking old ottman claims that were a part of the system during British imperialism. The Iraqri government als o sought to play the role of savior by saying that the Kuwaiti Emir was a highly hated figure within the Kuwait population and that people sought his ouster. Iraq claimed that it would liberate the Kuwaiti country off his tyranny with its intervention (Lowry, 2008). In 1973, Iraq continued to persist with its stance and occupied as-Samitah, a border post on Kuwait-Iraq border. The real dispute, however, began when Iraq demanded to occupy Bubiyan and Warbah (Kuwaiti Islands). This claim got the Arab nations into action and the Arab league called its summit to discuss this quickly boiling situation. A consensus was reached on the point that Iraq will be demanded to withdraw its claims on the said regions (HistoryGuy, 2011). Situation between the two countries was relatively calm during the Iraq-Iran war and Kuwait supported Iraq during this battle. Dispute over Oil:- There was a constant lack of consensus over borders between the two oil rich states and conflicts over ownership of oil reserves was inevitable. The situation started to deteriorate when rich deposits of oil were found at the undefined border between the two states and when Iraq constantly claimed that the Kuwaiti drills were violating Iraq’s territorial integrity by moving across borders to excavate oil. This conflict was triggered by the nature of middle eastern borders, which are not very clearly distinguishable due to desserts and sand (HistoryGuy,

Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 24

Leadership - Essay Example Basically, for any institution to thrive there must be a leader; consequently, it is vital find out how leadership can be applied in the military. What is the difference between a normal leaders and an army leader? It is a fact that any army leader has to have the highest form of discipline above all other leadership virtues to be capable to command missions and the taskforce he/ she is responsible for. Hence, the key difference between an army leader and the normal leader is discipline. Army leadership entails having the right skills; experience; competency; ability to manage emotions; a sound mind and physical fitness. In addition, an individual should: have a brave face and hold his/her head up high even when facing the worst forms of combat; have the ability to delegate and be driven by the seven army principles at heart. This will instill the desire to lead, improve and strive for the highest ranks within their subordinates. We presumed that the leader of a troop, mission, and camp is always yelling, shouting and ordering people around, expecting everyone in the troop to act in a certain manner, in order to achieve victory in combats and missions. This is falsified notion, since it is common knowledge that any supervisor and/ or leader who is always giving orders, pushing people around, who does not give correct and clear instructions faces resistance, demoralizes the subordinates in this case the soldiers knowingly or unknowingly which has dire effects in the long run. According to the Army Leadership Institute (2002), it is vital for an army leader to give the subordinates room to grow; make the subordinates feel that they are valuable assets; enable them to take chances to gain the necessary experience and nurture their skills. As a result, the subordinates will impart the knowledge they gain from these experiences onto other subordinates. Nonetheless, the leader will still supervise

Music assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Music - Assignment Example The Gypsy Laddie also evidences localization and changing beliefs with the reference to the lady running with the gypsies and leaving her Lord and child reflecting the changing status in the community at the time with Lords and gypsies. Balladic formulas involved the use of recurrent phrases, stanzas, and lines to express narrative ideas and underline the ballad narrative making it easy to remember the words of a ballad while common modifiers were used in changing pitches. The formulas allowed for the remembering of a shortened fashion of large narrative depicting its importance in remembering words in a ballad. Examples of formulas and common modifiers include the stock words, whole stanzas, incremental repetition, phrases. In songs, the Lily-White hand represented the imminent occurrence of dramatic action including rape or seduction as evident in Prince Heathen and Katherine Jaffray involving rape and torture and rescue respectively. Other formulas used in ballads include dressing in rich attire, where to get a bonny boy, and playing at the ball. Preserving the lyrics or keeping the â€Å"emotional core† intact was important because it represented â€Å"time honored expressions of recurrent ballad actsâ €  with formulas facilitating memorization (Harris, 22). Other than localization, other forces of change that affected ballad lyrics include consciousness of class differences, increased literacy levels/education, urbanization, religion, and different social values and practices (Buchan, 236). There is a possible connection between African American spirituals and the Underground Railroad, and most of the scholars believe that a connection exists between spirituality and the Underground Railroad network. Examples of words used in the Underground Railroad network that come from spiritual texts include â€Å"Drinking Gourd† referred to The Big Dipper who’s handle pointed to the North Star symbolizing the North Start in the Bible that let the

Leadership In Contemporary Organisations Management Essay

Leadership In Contemporary Organisations Management Essay Leadership is considered to be the key enabler of organisational performance and competitive advantage by the organisations these days (Burgoyne, 2008). The job of a leader is to lead his/her team to achieve the goal set by the organisation. James MacGregor Burns argues that leadership is one phenomenon on earth that is most observed and least understood (Paul, 2002). The views about a leader and the definition of leadership vary among different people. Daniel Goleman (2000) says that an effective leader sets strategy, creates a mission, motivates his followers and finally builds a culture in the organisation. Ken Wilber argues that an integral leader is a man or woman who supports people aspiring to move forward. They have to make their own integral map that covers all the area that humans have to deal with (Volckmann, 2005). The concepts of leadership have been developed years ago though the word is reported to have appeared in English language recently. An effective business leader is one who is well informed of the latest research which impacts upon leadership and who is also capable of applying this to their own organisation with in an ethical framework. I personally agree with this statement as it is important for the leader to move along with the changing organisational conditions. He should be updated with the latest trends in the organisation in order to effectively lead his followers. Further part of the essay will explore the research that supports my argument. PHASES OF RESEARCH ON LEADERSHIP As mentioned, the concepts of leadership, leader and the follower has emerged years and years ago. Even Greek philosophers like Plato and Aristofle have written about leadership in the period between 400 and 300 B.C. As years progressed, the focus on leadership research has undergone a dramatic change. In the earlier years, leadership research focussed on differentiating leaders and non-leaders by identifying their traits. It then focussed on the behaviour of the leaders and in the later phase focus was on the importance of situational factors, thus giving birth to the contingency approach (Paul, Costley, Howell Dorfman, 2002). The contingency approach, when compared to the previous two phases of research, is more theoretical and hence denies the notion of effective leadership traits and behaviour. Today, in modern leadership, Charisma has become a major underlining concept and the term has different meanings that overlap. The word charisma has been used to represent different conce pts through out the phases of leadership. In a business leader perspective, it is the personal quality of a leader to gain the attention of a group of individuals. EFFECTIVE LEADERSHIP AND LEADERSHIP RESEARCHES An effective leadership requires a combination of cognitive, behavioural and personality factors (Kets De Vries, 2002) and it is necessary for him or her to keep learning. It is important to see the relationship between the leadership style of a leader and the context in which they operate. The range of behaviours of a leader is categorised as goal oriented, involving and engaging. The goal oriented leader sets a direction and plays a significant role in directing the followers to achieve the goal. The next two categories, involving and engaging are less leader-centric. From a study conducted in ten organisations, it is reported that, a leader-centric and directive style is found to be inappropriate in a changing organisation context but are common and dominant in a straight forward context. Many behaviourists stated that the leader can change his style according to the organisational strategy but Fiedler (1964) came up with the contingency theory and disagreed to it. There can be le aders who are task motivated while others are relationship motivated. There is even socio-independent leaders who are neither task nor relationship motivated (Dulewicz Higgs, 2005). This implies that the leader should choose the situation that better match his/her leadership style and avoid situation that is against their style. After a few years, House developed the path goal theory and argues that leaders behaviour can be adjusted to adapt to contingencies and thus find a suitable style for a particular situation (House, 1999). The basic idea of this theory is to support the subordinates and help them to achieve their own goals as well as the goals of the organisation. Four kind of leadership styles have been proposed in this theory: Directive, Supportive, Participative, Achievement-Oriented leadership. An effective leader is the one who knows which style is to be adopted and when (Silverthorne, 2001). Directive leaders tell their subordinates, what is expected from them and give the guidance by enforcing certain rules to fulfil those expectations. Supportive leaders would be friendlier and gives attention to the needs of their subordinates. The participative leaders lead their subordinates by involving them in making decisions and finally the achievement-oriented leaders set high standards and will be con fident on their subordinates in achieving these standards. According to the path goal theory, it depends on the nature of task for the leaders to decide upon which style to adopt and hence according to the requirement, the leader should be task oriented or relationship oriented (Silverthorne, 2001). If the nature of work is unclear, then the leader should be task oriented by giving proper direction and guidance. As the knowledge and practice of leadership change with time, many researches mention about the transformation of leadership. Earlier, the businesses tried to keep up with their rivals in the competition but today, the intentions have changed and they try to blast their competitors out. As far as business leaders are concerned, they would be left behind if they dont accommodate themselves to these changes. John Ralph, the deputy chairman of a leading Australian management company has expressed his views on transformation in leadership style while speaking about the changing culture of the organisation as, leaders should encourage their followers instead of commanding and should act as a coach rather than bosses. Ray Smith, Chief Executive Officer of Bell Atlantic expressed his vision of new leadership style emerging in the United States as a moral commitment where the leaders and employees should work as partners in achieving the goals of their organisations (Sarros Santora, 2001). Trust on the employees is most important in this. Lot of researches establish the validity of the concept, transformational leadership which brings change and movement in the organisation. Many researchers define transformational leadership as one that motivates people to create change, by distinguishing it with transactional leadership that uses the power and authority that exists in the organisation. Transformational style is denoted as leader of innovation and transactional style as manager of planning and policy (King, 1994). Transactional style depends on the current structure in the organisation while transformational style creates new pathways (Mink, 1992). An effective transformational leader should have a clear sense of goals to guide their organisation in to new directions (Burns, 1978). They should have the capability to foresee the change to a long term. The interaction among the people in an organisation and the flow of information gives rise to the need for change in the organisation. A fresh look at trends and feedbac k from frontline people becomes the catalyst for change (Herrington, Bonem Furr, 2000). Transformational leadership also influences the culture of the organisation. If the culture of the organisation itself is cultural, then the growth of individual and the organisation becomes more effective (Bass Avolio, 1993). The cultures of people in and beyond the organisation are also influenced by this. However, transformational leadership have potential dangers associated with it if the leader doesnt rely on a strong ethical and moral foundation as the danger lies in the leader-follower interactions. Such kind of behaviour is defined as pseudo-transformational leadership. From the year 1999 to 2004, there has been a considerable increase in the research on servant leadership as a result of emergence of certain servant leadership models developed by several researchers. Trust is a common factor in all the research conducted on servant leadership. Servant leaders generate and sustain trust through their communicative and supportive behaviour (Tschannen-Moran Hoy, 1998). Servant leadership begins with a natural feeling that one wants to serve, to serve first and then conscious choice brings them to aspire to lead, who is sharply different from one who is leader right from the beginning. Listening and understanding, imagination, acceptance and empathy, intuition, foresight, the ability to persuade, healing and serving, the ability to build community etc are some of the other attributes of a servant leader (Greenleaf,1997). It not only builds the trust between the leaders and the followers but also among the followers themselves and is thus established as an important variable in the development and maintenance of organisational trust (Joseph Winston, 2005). Studies indicate that servant leadership has the potential to improve the organisational satisfaction, productivity, safety practices and financial performance. There are numerous researches being conducted on job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Both are at times linked to each other as the employees become less committed to the organisation if they are dissatisfied with their job. Many researchers came up with a suggestion that leadership and organisational culture has great impact on both job satisfaction and commitment. Employees job performance, behaviour and expectations vary with the nation they belong to, and the way organisations are managed reflects the national culture. There are significant differences between the way firms in east and west are managed as a result of difference in national culture. Goal setting, performing the task and decision making are directly influenced by the culture of the organisation. The researchers on organisational culture has come up with different types of organisational culture but the people working in an organisation have their own values, beliefs and attitudes which are part of their national culture. Depending on those values and beliefs the organisation can have a bureaucratic, innovative or a supportive culture. Most eastern organisations have a bureaucratic culture while western organisations have innovative and supportive culture. Leadership plays a major role in the success and failure of an organisation. The relations between leadership and performance of an employee have been explored in various researches. The attributes of transformational leadership such as empowerment and clear vision can bring greater satisfaction to the employees in their job and this leadership style works well with western organisations. The leadership in eastern organisations are based on seniority, position and authority and the leader can gain commitment of the employ by their personal relationship. There have been only a few researches done on the leadership in organisations having two or more cultures also called as multicultural organisations. In a study conducted in an organisation with Australian and non Australian workforce, it was indicated that both the work groups wanted different transactional and transformational behaviours from their Australian supervisors. Hofstede came up with four dimensions of cultural values in h is research. They are power distance, individualism/collectivism, uncertainty avoidance and masculinity/feminity. Out of the four dimensions, Hofstede states that power distance and individualism/ collectivism are the most relevant ones and these dimensions were applied in the organisation where the study was conducted (Lok Crawford, 2003). An effective business leader has to be aware of the researches on the organisational culture as he is directly linked to the success of organisation and if unaware, the whole organisation can fail due to his/her actions. Team building is an activity that a leader must concentrate on to continue to be effective in his/her operations. The leaders will have to modify their leadership style according to the changing needs of employees and also the organisational change. All the books and research papers on team building clearly differentiate groups and teams. Managers seem content with group performance while leaders always lead teams which are more productive and bring improved profit to the company. Team centred leaders are visionary and they inspire team work and mutual support. Effective leaders should have the ability to get their team members involved and committed. They communicate openly and mediate conflicts before it turns destructive (Maddux Wingfield, 2003). EFFECTIVE LEADERS ACT IN ETHICAL FRAMEWORK It is the nature of most human being to enter corruption when they gain power and control, or in other sense people tend to misuse the power they have. This possibly becomes the negative side or unethical side of leadership. In transformational leadership, charismatic leaders may develop lot of enthusiastic and honest followers who will even fail to notice the negative traits of their leader (Stone, Russell Patterson, 2003). Power with in a leader even tends to create politics in the organisation which can be called as the darker side of leadership and can weaken the leader member relationship. Organisational politics leads people to become reluctant in assisting their co-workers and hence there will be a decline in the organisational commitment. These are the times when personal interest of the leader gets dominant and they may even manipulate conflicts in order to achieve self goals instead of organisational goals (McGinley, 2009). As viewed by Rost, ethical framework of leadershi p must make individual leaders and followers accountable to their ethical responsibilities as human beings (Rost, 1993). An effective leader is the one who is aware of how and where to use the power of his/her position or personal power. Using positional or personal power in the organisation with out hampering the organisational ethics and thus maintaining a strong relationship with followers is the quality that leaders should possess to make their organisation more productive. CONCLUSION The essay has described about the evolution of leadership and the various researches conducted on it. The role of an effective leader in most of the leadership approaches have also been explored in the essay. Its been argued that learning latest studies on leadership keep leaders away from work due to information overload. But considering the changing organisational culture and change in the needs of people, it can be suggested that the leader should always keep in track with the researches. Leaders face challenge in applying the latest studies among their followers in the organisation. Effective leaders explore these studies only by following the organisational ethics, morals and leadership principles. The outcomes of unethical approach to leadership studies have also been described in the essay. It is said that negative traits of charismatic leaders are overlooked by their followers and hence they are utilised by the leaders to achieve personal goals. But this always results in wea k leader member relations and reduced organisational commitment. From this essay, it can be concluded that leaders should keep themselves updated about the researches and also should act according to the ethics and principles to make their operations more effective and thus improve the productivity of their organisation.

Narrative Recollection in Faulkner’s The Unvanquished :: Unvanquished Essays

Narrative Recollection in Faulkner’s The Unvanquished The narrator in William Faulkner’s â€Å"The Unvanquished† is an adult looking back on his childhood experiences. This is a powerful technique, because the reader can receive two sets of images through one voice – in this case both the impressions of the young Bayard Sartoris as well as his older (and perhaps wiser) adult self. There are several ways in which the author makes this known, the first being Faulkner’s use of first person, but in the past tense. In the opening scene of the book Bayard and Ringo are playing behind the smokehouse. The past tense of the verbs make it apparent that the action has already been done, (ex.: â€Å"†¦Ringo and I had a living map†¦Ã¢â‚¬ , and â€Å"To Ringo and me it lived†¦Ã¢â‚¬ . Bayard indicates several times that this narrative is a recollection. One example is in the first chapter, â€Å"†¦even though you do look bigger (to twelve, at least, to me and Ringo at twelve, at least.† (p.12). Then later, â€Å"But we were just twelve; we didn’t listen to that.† (p.15). These passages contain a rueful quality that implies that Bayard knows better in retrospect. Like memory, the narrative moves in skips and jumps, rather than an exactly linear plot. The next time the reader is told Bayard’s age is in the second chapter, but the he is near fourteen now. Uncle Buck asks him, â€Å"How old are you, boy?† to which he replies, â€Å"Fourteen,† and Ringo interjects, â€Å"We ain’t fourteen yit,† (54). Then later, when Bayard’s grandmother becomes ill Faulkner writes, â€Å"I would be sixteen years old before another year was out, yet I sat there in the wagon, crying.† (152). So how does this narrative strategy affect the representation of southern masculinities? It allows the reader a glimpse of how this particular southern male – Bayard Sartoris – becomes the man that he is. It allows the reader to see this process in action. It visualizes the relationships with other southern men, including and especially his father. It actualizes the disillusionment that can so often shape childhood, but is often easier seen in retrospect that at the time of occurrence. A poignant example of this is in the third chapter when Bayard is questioning the veracity of his elder’s war stories : †¦old men had been telling young men and boys about wars and fighting before they discovered how to write it down: